{"id":8050,"date":"2023-01-15T17:47:51","date_gmt":"2023-01-15T17:47:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/?p=8050"},"modified":"2023-01-15T20:45:48","modified_gmt":"2023-01-15T20:45:48","slug":"%f0%9f%93%96-licornes-damerique","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/2023\/01\/15\/%f0%9f%93%96-licornes-damerique\/","title":{"rendered":"\ud83d\udcd6 Licornes d&#8217;Am\u00e9rique"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Voici quelques t\u00e9moignages et images de la pr\u00e9sence de licorne en Am\u00e9rique qui n&#8217;ont pas trouv\u00e9 place dans mon livre. Il y en a d&#8217;autres&#8230;.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dans ma th\u00e8se, j&#8217;\u00e9tais pass\u00e9 un peu \u00e0 c\u00f4t\u00e9 des licornes d&#8217;Am\u00e9rique, traitant essentiellement de celles d&#8217;Afrique et d&#8217;Asie. On a pourtant beaucoup cru, aux XVIe XVIIe si\u00e8cle, \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sence de licornes en Am\u00e9rique du Nord, mais je m&#8217;en suis vraiment rendu compte qu&#8217;en pr\u00e9parant mon livre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Andr\u00e8s Bernaldez, compagnon de Christophe Colomb, rapporte que, lors de son deuxi\u00e8me voyage, \u00ab&nbsp;d&#8217;autres furent le long de la plage et d\u00e9couvrirent les traces d&#8217;\u00e9normes b\u00eates pourvues de cinq griffes&nbsp;: c&#8217;\u00e9tait une chose \u00e9pouvantable. Ils estim\u00e8rent qu&#8217;il s&#8217;agissait de griffons. Celles des autres b\u00eates \u00e9taient, d&#8217;apr\u00e8s eux, des traces de lions<a href=\"#_ftn1\" id=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a>&nbsp;\u00bb. Hernando Colomb, le fils de Colomb qui l\u2019accompagnait dans son quatri\u00e8me voyage en 1502 rapporte que \u00ab&nbsp;&nbsp;en d\u00e9barquant nous v\u00eemes que les habitants avaient leurs demeures dans le feuillage des arbres, tout comme les oiseaux&nbsp;: sur des pieux plac\u00e9s entre deux branches, se trouvent construites leurs cabanes, car ce nom convient mieux que celui de maison. Nous ne savions pas quelle \u00e9tait la v\u00e9ritable raison de cette coutume \u00e9trange, mais nous pens\u00e2mes qu&#8217;ils agissaient ainsi de peur des griffons qu&#8217;il y a dans ce pays, ou par crainte des ennemis<a href=\"#_ftn2\" id=\"_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a>&nbsp;\u00bb. Des griffons, donc, mais nulle licorne dans les r\u00e9cits des tous premiers europ\u00e9ens arriv\u00e9s au Nouveau monde. Elles n&#8217;allaient pourtant pas tarder \u00e0 pointer le bout de leur corne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow aligncenter\" data-effect=\"slide\"><div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_container swiper-container\"><ul class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_swiper-wrapper swiper-wrapper\"><li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1002\" height=\"729\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-8031\" data-id=\"8031\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Von-dem-Land-Brasilien-Strasbourg-1529.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Von-dem-Land-Brasilien-Strasbourg-1529.jpg 1002w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Von-dem-Land-Brasilien-Strasbourg-1529-300x218.jpg 300w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Von-dem-Land-Brasilien-Strasbourg-1529-768x559.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Von-dem-Land-Brasilien-Strasbourg-1529-412x300.jpg 412w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1002px) 100vw, 1002px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption\">Si quelqu&#8217;un peut me donner la source de cette gravure du milieu du XVIe si\u00e8cle repr\u00e9sentant des indiens d&#8217;Am\u00e9rique, je lui en serai reconnaissant.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1852\" height=\"1921\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-8030\" data-id=\"8030\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Representation-de-lAmerioque-indien-licorne-rhninoceros-singe-et-serpent-Allemagne-fin-XVIe-British-Museum.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Representation-de-lAmerioque-indien-licorne-rhninoceros-singe-et-serpent-Allemagne-fin-XVIe-British-Museum.jpg 1852w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Representation-de-lAmerioque-indien-licorne-rhninoceros-singe-et-serpent-Allemagne-fin-XVIe-British-Museum-289x300.jpg 289w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Representation-de-lAmerioque-indien-licorne-rhninoceros-singe-et-serpent-Allemagne-fin-XVIe-British-Museum-768x797.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Representation-de-lAmerioque-indien-licorne-rhninoceros-singe-et-serpent-Allemagne-fin-XVIe-British-Museum-1481x1536.jpg 1481w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1852px) 100vw, 1852px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption\">M\u00e9daille repr\u00e9sentant l&#8217;Am\u00e9rique, avec indien, licorne, rhinoc\u00e9ros, singe et serpent. Fin du XVIe si\u00e8cle, British Museum.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><a class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-prev swiper-button-prev swiper-button-white\" role=\"button\"><\/a><a class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-next swiper-button-next swiper-button-white\" role=\"button\"><\/a><a aria-label=\"Pause Slideshow\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-pause\" role=\"button\"><\/a><div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination swiper-pagination swiper-pagination-white\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019anglais John Hawkins rapporte en 1564 que \u00ab&nbsp;Les Indiens de Floride portent autour du cou des morceaux de corne de licorne\u2026 Ils ont chez eux beaucoup de ces licornes, et disent que c\u2019est un animal \u00e0 corne unique, qui trempe sa corne dans l\u2019eau avant de boire\u2026 on pense qu\u2019il y a non seulement des licornes, mais aussi des lions\u2026 En effet, le lion est l\u2019ennemi de la licorne, car toute b\u00eate a son ennemi\u2026 et l\u00e0 o\u00f9 se trouve l\u2019un, l\u2019autre ne peut \u00eatre absent<a href=\"#_ftn3\" id=\"_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a>\u00bb. On pouvait donc de simples dents de requins port\u00e9es par les indig\u00e8nes d\u00e9duire la pr\u00e9sence en Floride non seulement de licornes, mais aussi de lions&nbsp;!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow aligncenter\" data-effect=\"slide\"><div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_container swiper-container\"><ul class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_swiper-wrapper swiper-wrapper\"><li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1306\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-8047\" data-id=\"8047\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Descelliers-BL-ms-Ad-24065-2048x1306.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Descelliers-BL-ms-Ad-24065-2048x1306.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Descelliers-BL-ms-Ad-24065-300x191.jpg 300w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Descelliers-BL-ms-Ad-24065-768x490.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Descelliers-BL-ms-Ad-24065-1536x979.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Descelliers-BL-ms-Ad-24065-471x300.jpg 471w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption\">Mappemonde de Pierre Descelliers, circa 1550. \n<br \/>La carte est pr\u00e9vue pour \u00eatre pos\u00e9e \u00e0 plat sur une table, ce qui explique que texte et illustrations ne soient pas toujours orient\u00e9s dans le m\u00eame sens. <br \/>\nBritish Library, ms Add 24065\n<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1524\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-8048\" data-id=\"8048\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Descelliers-BL-ms-Add-24065-detail-2048x1524.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Descelliers-BL-ms-Add-24065-detail-2048x1524.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Descelliers-BL-ms-Add-24065-detail-300x223.jpg 300w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Descelliers-BL-ms-Add-24065-detail-768x571.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Descelliers-BL-ms-Add-24065-detail-1536x1143.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Descelliers-BL-ms-Add-24065-detail-403x300.jpg 403w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption\">Des licornes au Canada, mais il y a aussi des \u00e9l\u00e9phants et des girafes en Australie. <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"953\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-8049\" data-id=\"8049\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/BL-Add-ms-5413-Harelian-Map-1542-2048x953.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/BL-Add-ms-5413-Harelian-Map-1542-2048x953.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/BL-Add-ms-5413-Harelian-Map-1542-300x140.jpg 300w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/BL-Add-ms-5413-Harelian-Map-1542-768x357.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/BL-Add-ms-5413-Harelian-Map-1542-1536x715.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/BL-Add-ms-5413-Harelian-Map-1542-500x233.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption\">Mappemonde dite Harelian, ou du Dauphin, r\u00e9alis\u00e9e en France vers 1447. <br \/>British Library, Add ms 5413.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1463\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-8046\" data-id=\"8046\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/BL-Add-ms-5413-Harleian-Map-1542-detail-2048x1463.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/BL-Add-ms-5413-Harleian-Map-1542-detail-2048x1463.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/BL-Add-ms-5413-Harleian-Map-1542-detail-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/BL-Add-ms-5413-Harleian-Map-1542-detail-768x549.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/BL-Add-ms-5413-Harleian-Map-1542-detail-1536x1097.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/BL-Add-ms-5413-Harleian-Map-1542-detail-420x300.jpg 420w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1746\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-8044\" data-id=\"8044\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Nova-Virginiae-Tabula--2048x1746.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Nova-Virginiae-Tabula--2048x1746.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Nova-Virginiae-Tabula--300x256.jpg 300w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Nova-Virginiae-Tabula--768x655.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Nova-Virginiae-Tabula--1536x1310.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Nova-Virginiae-Tabula--352x300.jpg 352w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption\">Carte de Virginie, 1671. \n<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1833\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-8045\" data-id=\"8045\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Nova-Virginiae-Tabula-detail-2048x1833.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Nova-Virginiae-Tabula-detail-2048x1833.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Nova-Virginiae-Tabula-detail-300x269.jpg 300w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Nova-Virginiae-Tabula-detail-768x687.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Nova-Virginiae-Tabula-detail-1536x1375.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Nova-Virginiae-Tabula-detail-335x300.jpg 335w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption\">Ni le lama, ni la licorne, ni l\u2019ananas ne semblent vraiment du coin, et m\u00eame l\u2019indien fait plut\u00f4t br\u00e9silien.\nLes gravures sont colori\u00e9es \u00e0 la main et les couleurs varient d\u2019une copie \u00e0 l\u2019autre.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><a class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-prev swiper-button-prev swiper-button-white\" role=\"button\"><\/a><a class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-next swiper-button-next swiper-button-white\" role=\"button\"><\/a><a aria-label=\"Pause Slideshow\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-pause\" role=\"button\"><\/a><div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination swiper-pagination swiper-pagination-white\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>En 1576, Humphrey Gilbert tenta de convaincre la Reine d\u2019Angleterre Elizabeth de financer les recherches du passage du nord-ouest. Il dut affronter les arguments d\u2019Anthony Jenkinson, partisan du passage du nord-est. Ce dernier se pr\u00e9valait entre autres de la d\u00e9couverte d\u2019une corne de licorne sur la c\u00f4te de \u00abTartarie\u00bb, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire au-del\u00e0 de la Finlande. La licorne vivant en Inde, cette corne apport\u00e9e par la mer aurait donc prouv\u00e9 l\u2019existence de ce passage du Nord-Est. Je ne r\u00e9sisterai pas au plaisir de citer dans son anglais savoureux la r\u00e9ponse d\u2019Humphrey Gilbert: \u00ab&nbsp;First, it is doubtful whether those barbarous do know an Unicornes horne, yea, or no: and if it were one, yet it is not credible that the Sea could have driven it so farre, being of such nature that it will not swimme\u2026 There is a beast called Asinus Indicus (whose horn most like it was) which hath but one horn like an Unicorne in his forehead, whereof there is great plenty in all the north parts thereunto adjoyning, as in Lappia, Norvegia, Finnmarke. And as Albertus saieth, there is a fish which hath but one horne in his forehead like to an Unicorne, and therefore it seemeth very doubtful from whence it came and whether it were Unicorne\u2019s horne, yea, or no<a href=\"#_ftn4\" id=\"_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a>&nbsp;\u00bb. Humphrey Gilbert assimile ici le renne et l\u2019\u00e2ne indien d\u2019\u00c9lien, ce dernier vivant donc en Scandinavie, ce que son nom n\u2019aurait jamais laiss\u00e9 deviner, mais les distingue tr\u00e8s soigneusement de la v\u00e9ritable licorne, toujours cens\u00e9e vivre en Inde.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Historia-navigationis-Martini-Forbisseri-Angli-praetoris-sive-capitanei-AC-1577-1675-1623x2048.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8029\" width=\"363\" height=\"461\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Historia navigationis Martini Forbisseri Angli praetoris sive capitanei, A.C.  1577.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>L\u2019Atlas de Mercator, \u00e0 la m\u00eame \u00e9poque, suspecte \u00e9galement la pr\u00e9sence de licornes sinon au Canada, du moins au Gro\u00ebnland &nbsp;: \u00ab&nbsp;Groenland prend son nom de la verdeur, car Groen en flaman signifie verd en Fran\u00e7ois\u2026 Tout ce pays est plein d\u2019ours cruels, avec lesquels les habitans ont une guerre continuelle. Il y a aussi des renards &amp;, si ce qu\u2019on dit est vray, des licornes.<a id=\"_ftnref5\" href=\"#_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> &nbsp;\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les repr\u00e9sentations des quatre continents &#8211; l&#8217;Oc\u00e9anie, ou Terre Australe, n&#8217;en \u00e9tant pas encore vraiment un &#8211; est fr\u00e9quent dans l&#8217;iconographie des ann\u00e9es 1600. Chaque partie du monde est habituellement repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par un indig\u00e8ne et un animal, parfois par un char. L&#8217;animal le plus fr\u00e9quemment utilis\u00e9 pour repr\u00e9senter l&#8217;Am\u00e9rique est le tatou, qui avait fortement impressionn\u00e9 les premiers visiteurs, mais il laisse pargois la place \u00e0 la licorne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow aligncenter\" data-effect=\"slide\"><div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_container swiper-container\"><ul class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_swiper-wrapper swiper-wrapper\"><li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1467\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-8034\" data-id=\"8034\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/BN-4-ED-138-recueil-destampes-fin-XVIe-2048x1467.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/BN-4-ED-138-recueil-destampes-fin-XVIe-2048x1467.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/BN-4-ED-138-recueil-destampes-fin-XVIe-300x215.jpg 300w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/BN-4-ED-138-recueil-destampes-fin-XVIe-768x550.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/BN-4-ED-138-recueil-destampes-fin-XVIe-1536x1100.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/BN-4-ED-138-recueil-destampes-fin-XVIe-419x300.jpg 419w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption\">Le char de l&#8217;Am\u00e9rique, issu d&#8217;une s\u00e9rie sur les quatre continents. Gravure de Jean le Clerc, circa 1600.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1520\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-8033\" data-id=\"8033\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Boite-a-jetons-de-jeux-vers-1600-Smithsonian-Institute-Museum-1960-1-13-4-av-2048x1520.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Boite-a-jetons-de-jeux-vers-1600-Smithsonian-Institute-Museum-1960-1-13-4-av-2048x1520.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Boite-a-jetons-de-jeux-vers-1600-Smithsonian-Institute-Museum-1960-1-13-4-av-300x223.jpg 300w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Boite-a-jetons-de-jeux-vers-1600-Smithsonian-Institute-Museum-1960-1-13-4-av-768x570.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Boite-a-jetons-de-jeux-vers-1600-Smithsonian-Institute-Museum-1960-1-13-4-av-1536x1140.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Boite-a-jetons-de-jeux-vers-1600-Smithsonian-Institute-Museum-1960-1-13-4-av-404x300.jpg 404w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption\">Boite \u00e0 jetons pour jeu de dames ou de jaquet, circa 1600. Washington, Smithsonian Institute.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1953\" height=\"1508\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-8032\" data-id=\"8032\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/7-America_from_The_Four_Continents_MET_DP279122.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/7-America_from_The_Four_Continents_MET_DP279122.jpg 1953w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/7-America_from_The_Four_Continents_MET_DP279122-300x232.jpg 300w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/7-America_from_The_Four_Continents_MET_DP279122-768x593.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/7-America_from_The_Four_Continents_MET_DP279122-1536x1186.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/7-America_from_The_Four_Continents_MET_DP279122-389x300.jpg 389w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1953px) 100vw, 1953px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption\">Le char de l&#8217;Am\u00e9rique, gravure de Marytin de Vos, circa 1600. Remarquez le tatou, plus authentique que la licorne, et les cannibales.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1665\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-8066\" data-id=\"8066\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Africa_from_The_Four_Continents_MET_DP279839-2048x1665.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Africa_from_The_Four_Continents_MET_DP279839-2048x1665.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Africa_from_The_Four_Continents_MET_DP279839-300x244.jpg 300w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Africa_from_The_Four_Continents_MET_DP279839-768x624.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Africa_from_The_Four_Continents_MET_DP279839-1536x1249.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Africa_from_The_Four_Continents_MET_DP279839-369x300.jpg 369w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1642\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-8065\" data-id=\"8065\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Asia_from_The_Four_Continents_MET_DP279837-2048x1642.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Asia_from_The_Four_Continents_MET_DP279837-2048x1642.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Asia_from_The_Four_Continents_MET_DP279837-300x240.jpg 300w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Asia_from_The_Four_Continents_MET_DP279837-768x616.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Asia_from_The_Four_Continents_MET_DP279837-1536x1231.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Asia_from_The_Four_Continents_MET_DP279837-374x300.jpg 374w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1657\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-8064\" data-id=\"8064\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Europa_from_The_Four_Continents_MET_DP279838-2048x1657.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Europa_from_The_Four_Continents_MET_DP279838-2048x1657.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Europa_from_The_Four_Continents_MET_DP279838-300x243.jpg 300w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Europa_from_The_Four_Continents_MET_DP279838-768x621.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Europa_from_The_Four_Continents_MET_DP279838-1536x1242.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Europa_from_The_Four_Continents_MET_DP279838-371x300.jpg 371w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><a class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-prev swiper-button-prev swiper-button-white\" role=\"button\"><\/a><a class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-next swiper-button-next swiper-button-white\" role=\"button\"><\/a><a aria-label=\"Pause Slideshow\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-pause\" role=\"button\"><\/a><div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination swiper-pagination swiper-pagination-white\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u2019il y avait des licornes en Am\u00e9rique, il y en avait dans les nombreux d\u00e9fil\u00e9s qui, \u00e0 l\u2019occasion de f\u00eates ou de visites royales, mettaient en sc\u00e8ne parfois de v\u00e9ritables indiens ramen\u00e9s du Nouveau Monde, plus souvent des com\u00e9diens v\u00eatus de feuilles et de plumes C\u2019est ainsi que, \u00ab&nbsp; l&#8217;an 1615 on fit un autre Ballet de Chevaux en cette m\u00eame Cour, pour l&#8217;arriv\u00e9e du Prince d&#8217;Urbin. Il y eut grand nombre de machines tir\u00e9es par des lions, des cerfs , des \u00e9lephants et des rhinocerots. Comme on repr\u00e9sentait le Triomphe d&#8217;Amour sur la Guerre, les quatre parties du Monde suivirent le Char du victorieux sur autant de Chariots. Celui de l&#8217;Europe \u00e9tait tir\u00e9 par des chevaux, celui de l\u2019Afrique par des \u00e9l\u00e9phants, celuy de l&#8217;Asie par des chameaux , et celui de l&#8217;Am\u00e9rique par des licornes<a href=\"#_ftn6\" id=\"_ftnref6\">[6]<\/a>&nbsp;\u00bb. \u00c0 l\u2019\u00e9t\u00e9 1662, une grande f\u00eate costum\u00e9e r\u00e9unit aux Tuileries toute la cour de Louis XIV. Lors du d\u00e9fil\u00e9 qui suivit, le duc de Guise et son entourage \u00e9taient d\u00e9guis\u00e9s en \u00ab&nbsp;sauvages am\u00e9riquains&nbsp;\u00bb, mont\u00e9s sur des chevaux grim\u00e9s en licornes<a href=\"#_ftn7\" id=\"_ftnref7\">[7]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow aligncenter\" data-effect=\"slide\"><div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_container swiper-container\"><ul class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_swiper-wrapper swiper-wrapper\"><li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1710\" height=\"2048\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-8037\" data-id=\"8037\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/6-Courses_de_testes_et_de_bagues-2-1-1710x2048.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/6-Courses_de_testes_et_de_bagues-2-1-1710x2048.jpg 1710w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/6-Courses_de_testes_et_de_bagues-2-1-251x300.jpg 251w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/6-Courses_de_testes_et_de_bagues-2-1-768x920.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/6-Courses_de_testes_et_de_bagues-2-1-1283x1536.jpg 1283w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1710px) 100vw, 1710px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption\">Charles Perrault, <i>Courses de testes et de bagues faites par le roy et par les princes et seigneurs en l&#8217;ann\u00e9e 1662.<\/i><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1718\" height=\"2048\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-8036\" data-id=\"8036\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/5-Courses_de_testes_et_de_bagues-3-1718x2048.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/5-Courses_de_testes_et_de_bagues-3-1718x2048.jpg 1718w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/5-Courses_de_testes_et_de_bagues-3-252x300.jpg 252w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/5-Courses_de_testes_et_de_bagues-3-768x916.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/5-Courses_de_testes_et_de_bagues-3-1288x1536.jpg 1288w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1718px) 100vw, 1718px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1698\" height=\"2048\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-8035\" data-id=\"8035\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/4-Courses_de_testes_et_de_bagues-1-1698x2048.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/4-Courses_de_testes_et_de_bagues-1-1698x2048.jpg 1698w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/4-Courses_de_testes_et_de_bagues-1-249x300.jpg 249w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/4-Courses_de_testes_et_de_bagues-1-768x926.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/4-Courses_de_testes_et_de_bagues-1-1274x1536.jpg 1274w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1698px) 100vw, 1698px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><a class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-prev swiper-button-prev swiper-button-white\" role=\"button\"><\/a><a class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-next swiper-button-next swiper-button-white\" role=\"button\"><\/a><a aria-label=\"Pause Slideshow\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-pause\" role=\"button\"><\/a><div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination swiper-pagination swiper-pagination-white\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Les descriptions d\u00e9taill\u00e9es de ces animaux sont rares, mais &#8211; cet <em>Estat du Nouveau Mexique<\/em>, dans un trait\u00e9 de g\u00e9ographie du XVIIe si\u00e8cle, laisse deviner une confusion avec le lama \u2013 qui n\u2019a pourtant pas de corne :<br \/>\u00ab&nbsp; L&#8217;Air y est extr\u00eamement froid, &amp; couvert par des brouillards qui y r\u00e8gnent , particuli\u00e8rement en Septembre &amp; en Octobre. L&#8217;on n&#8217;y voit presque partout que des Landes ou des terres pierreuses , &amp; peu propres \u00e0 rapporter des grains. Le long des rivi\u00e8res on trouve des valons o\u00f9 il y a quelques p\u00e2turages qui nourrissent des vaches d\u2019une figure extraordinaire : Elles ont la t\u00eate comme celle d&#8217;un Bouc, le poil autour du col pareil \u00e0 celuy du lion, &amp; une bosse fur le dos comme les chameaux : La chair en est d\u00e9licate, la peau propre \u00e0 faire des habits &amp; \u00e0 couvrir des cabanes ; les nerfs servent \u00e0 faire les cordes de leurs arcs, &amp; leur fiente, quand elle est s\u00e8che , \u00e0 faire du feu. Ils s &#8216;habillent aussi de la peau d&#8217;un animal qu&#8217;on prend pour une Licorne, parce qu&#8217;il a la t\u00eate arm\u00e9e d&#8217;une petite corne.<a id=\"_ftnref8\" href=\"#_ftn8\">[8]<\/a>&nbsp;\u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow aligncenter\" data-effect=\"slide\"><div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_container swiper-container\"><ul class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_swiper-wrapper swiper-wrapper\"><li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1593\" height=\"1185\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-8043\" data-id=\"8043\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Arnoldus-Montanus.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Arnoldus-Montanus.jpg 1593w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Arnoldus-Montanus-300x223.jpg 300w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Arnoldus-Montanus-768x571.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Arnoldus-Montanus-1536x1143.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Arnoldus-Montanus-403x300.jpg 403w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1593px) 100vw, 1593px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption\">Un aigle d\u2019Am\u00e9rique emporte une licorne. \nArnoldus Montanus, <i>De nieuwe en onbekende weereld, <\/i>Amsterdam, 1671. \n<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1227\" height=\"2048\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-8039\" data-id=\"8039\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Louis-Nicolas-Codex-Canadensis-p.27-1227x2048.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Louis-Nicolas-Codex-Canadensis-p.27-1227x2048.jpg 1227w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Louis-Nicolas-Codex-Canadensis-p.27-180x300.jpg 180w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Louis-Nicolas-Codex-Canadensis-p.27-768x1282.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Louis-Nicolas-Codex-Canadensis-p.27-920x1536.jpg 920w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Louis-Nicolas-Codex-Canadensis-p.27.jpg 1534w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1227px) 100vw, 1227px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption\">Le j\u00e9suite Louis Nicolas, qui assure avoir tu\u00e9 une licorne pr\u00e8s du lac Ontario, la dessine dans ses carnets, \u00e9trangement coup\u00e9e en deux et accompagn\u00e9e d\u2019un tigre. Il intitule son croquis Licorne de la Mer Rouge pour bien signifier que cet animal est de la m\u00eame esp\u00e8ce que celui que Louis Barthema en Arabie, et parce qu\u2019il croit encore qu\u2019Asie et Am\u00e9rique du Nord sont reli\u00e9s par une bande de terre.<br \/>\nLouis Nicolas, <i>Codex Canadensis,<\/i> circa 1700.\nGilcrease Museum, Tulsa, Oklahoma\n<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><a class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-prev swiper-button-prev swiper-button-white\" role=\"button\"><\/a><a class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-next swiper-button-next swiper-button-white\" role=\"button\"><\/a><a aria-label=\"Pause Slideshow\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-pause\" role=\"button\"><\/a><div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination swiper-pagination swiper-pagination-white\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u2019autres descriptions ne font que reprendre ce qui se disait d\u00e9j\u00e0 des licornes d\u2019Orient. Un portrait pr\u00e9cis d\u2019une licorne d\u2019Am\u00e9rique du Nord se trouve dans un texte paru en allemand et en hollandais<a id=\"_ftnref9\" href=\"#_ftn9\">[9]<\/a>, \u00e0 la fin du XVII\u00e8me si\u00e8cle, \u00e0 une date o\u00f9 ces r\u00e9gions commen\u00e7aient pourtant \u00e0 \u00eatre bien connues. <em>Die unbekannte neue Welt <\/em>(Le nouveau monde inconnu) est une longue description des diverses r\u00e9gions de l\u2019Am\u00e9rique, r\u00e9dig\u00e9e par un g\u00e9ographe hollandais, Olfert Dapper, qui s\u2019\u00e9tait sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9 dans ces trait\u00e9s abondamment illustr\u00e9s, compil\u00e9s d\u2019apr\u00e8s des sources h\u00e9t\u00e9roclites et peu soucieux d\u2019exactitude&nbsp;; on lui doit \u00e9galement des ouvrages comparables sur le Moyen-Orient, la Chine, l\u2019Afrique, les \u00celes de l\u2019oc\u00e9an Indien. OOn peut reconna\u00eetre dans sa licorne l\u2019\u00e2ne indique de Ct\u00e9sias, aux yeux bleus sombres, mais on y retrouve surtout le monoc\u00e9ros de Pline&nbsp;: \u00ab&nbsp;On voit souvent pr\u00e8s de la fronti\u00e8re canadienne, nous dit le m\u00e9decin allemand, des animaux ressemblant \u00e0 des chevaux, mais avec des sabots fendus, le poil dru, une corne longue et droite au milieu du front, la queue d\u2019un porc, les yeux noirs et le cou d\u2019un cerf<a id=\"_ftnref10\" href=\"#_ftn10\"><sup>[10]<\/sup><\/a>\u00bb. Les yeux bleus profonds sont devenus noirs, mais la seule entorse notable \u00e0 la description classique est l\u2019absence de toute mention de la couleur du poil, qui permet \u00e0 l\u2019auteur comme au lecteur de le voir blanc s\u2019il le souhaite, et la transformation de la t\u00eate de cerf, difficilement compatible avec la licorne arch\u00e9typale, en un plus modeste cou de cerf que l\u2019on peut imaginer supportant un chef chevalin. Sur la gravure tr\u00e8s r\u00e9aliste qui illustre ce passage, on voit un superbe aigle d\u2019Am\u00e9rique emporter une licorne au pelage clair correspondant assez bien \u00e0 la description. On notera notamment le soin avec lequel le graveur a repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 la queue tire-bouchonn\u00e9e comme celle d\u2019un porc. La pr\u00e9sence, pour le moins suspecte, de palmiers \u00e0 la fronti\u00e8re canadienne ne doit pas nous surprendre. Comme la licorne, m\u00eame s\u2019ils existaient r\u00e9ellement, ailleurs, ces arbres \u00e9taient, surtout pour un graveur hollandais, une figure exotique typique.<br \/>En un autre lieu du m\u00eame ouvrage, les licornes d\u2019Am\u00e9rique du Nord sont d\u00e9crites comme \u00ab&nbsp;des chevaux sauvages au front arm\u00e9 d\u2019une longue corne, avec une t\u00eate de cerf, ayant le poil de la belette, le cou court, une crini\u00e8re pendant d\u2019un seul c\u00f4t\u00e9, les pattes fines, des sabots de ch\u00e8vre<a id=\"_ftnref11\" href=\"#_ftn11\">[11]<\/a>&nbsp;\u00bb. La crini\u00e8re asym\u00e9trique et le poil de belette permettent de reconna\u00eetre sans le moindre doute les deux animaux observ\u00e9s deux si\u00e8cles plus t\u00f4t \u00e0 La Mecque par Luigi Barthema. Rien d\u2019exceptionnel ou de neuf, donc, dans ces unicornes du Nouveau monde, sinon un habitat quelque peu excentrique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow aligncenter\" data-effect=\"slide\"><div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_container swiper-container\"><ul class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_swiper-wrapper swiper-wrapper\"><li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1894\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-8041\" data-id=\"8041\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Theodore-de-Bry-Historia-Americana-tome-XIII-1634-Su-ou-Succarath-a-gauche-2048x1894.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Theodore-de-Bry-Historia-Americana-tome-XIII-1634-Su-ou-Succarath-a-gauche-2048x1894.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Theodore-de-Bry-Historia-Americana-tome-XIII-1634-Su-ou-Succarath-a-gauche-300x277.jpg 300w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Theodore-de-Bry-Historia-Americana-tome-XIII-1634-Su-ou-Succarath-a-gauche-768x710.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Theodore-de-Bry-Historia-Americana-tome-XIII-1634-Su-ou-Succarath-a-gauche-1536x1420.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Theodore-de-Bry-Historia-Americana-tome-XIII-1634-Su-ou-Succarath-a-gauche-324x300.jpg 324w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption\">Theodore de Bry, <i>Historia Americana, tome XIII, 1634<\/i>. L&#8217;animal \u00e0 gauche, dont les petits se cachent sous la queue, est un Succarath de Patagonie.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1590\" height=\"1156\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-8040\" data-id=\"8040\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Theodore-de-Bry-Historia-Americana-tome-XIII-1634-Su-ou-Succarath-a-gauche-detail.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Theodore-de-Bry-Historia-Americana-tome-XIII-1634-Su-ou-Succarath-a-gauche-detail.jpg 1590w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Theodore-de-Bry-Historia-Americana-tome-XIII-1634-Su-ou-Succarath-a-gauche-detail-300x218.jpg 300w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Theodore-de-Bry-Historia-Americana-tome-XIII-1634-Su-ou-Succarath-a-gauche-detail-768x558.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Theodore-de-Bry-Historia-Americana-tome-XIII-1634-Su-ou-Succarath-a-gauche-detail-1536x1117.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Theodore-de-Bry-Historia-Americana-tome-XIII-1634-Su-ou-Succarath-a-gauche-detail-413x300.jpg 413w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1590px) 100vw, 1590px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1315\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-8042\" data-id=\"8042\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Pieter-Boudewyn-van-der-Aa-La-Galerie-agreable-du-Monde-1729-monstres-des-indes-occidentales-2048x1315.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Pieter-Boudewyn-van-der-Aa-La-Galerie-agreable-du-Monde-1729-monstres-des-indes-occidentales-2048x1315.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Pieter-Boudewyn-van-der-Aa-La-Galerie-agreable-du-Monde-1729-monstres-des-indes-occidentales-300x193.jpg 300w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Pieter-Boudewyn-van-der-Aa-La-Galerie-agreable-du-Monde-1729-monstres-des-indes-occidentales-768x493.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Pieter-Boudewyn-van-der-Aa-La-Galerie-agreable-du-Monde-1729-monstres-des-indes-occidentales-1536x986.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Pieter-Boudewyn-van-der-Aa-La-Galerie-agreable-du-Monde-1729-monstres-des-indes-occidentales-467x300.jpg 467w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption\">Monstres des indes occidentales. Pieter Boudewyn van der Aa, <i<la galerie=\"\" agr\u00e9able=\"\" du=\"\" monde,=\"\" 1729<=\"\" i=\"\"> <\/i<\/la><la><\/la><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1970\" height=\"1327\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-8038\" data-id=\"8038\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Pieter-Boudewyn-van-der-Aa-La-Galerie-agreable-du-Monde-1729-monstres-des-indes-occidentales-detail.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Pieter-Boudewyn-van-der-Aa-La-Galerie-agreable-du-Monde-1729-monstres-des-indes-occidentales-detail.jpg 1970w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Pieter-Boudewyn-van-der-Aa-La-Galerie-agreable-du-Monde-1729-monstres-des-indes-occidentales-detail-300x202.jpg 300w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Pieter-Boudewyn-van-der-Aa-La-Galerie-agreable-du-Monde-1729-monstres-des-indes-occidentales-detail-768x517.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Pieter-Boudewyn-van-der-Aa-La-Galerie-agreable-du-Monde-1729-monstres-des-indes-occidentales-detail-1536x1035.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Pieter-Boudewyn-van-der-Aa-La-Galerie-agreable-du-Monde-1729-monstres-des-indes-occidentales-detail-445x300.jpg 445w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1970px) 100vw, 1970px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption\">Remarquez le tatou et le toucan.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><a class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-prev swiper-button-prev swiper-button-white\" role=\"button\"><\/a><a class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-next swiper-button-next swiper-button-white\" role=\"button\"><\/a><a aria-label=\"Pause Slideshow\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-pause\" role=\"button\"><\/a><div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination swiper-pagination swiper-pagination-white\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a id=\"_ftn1\" href=\"#_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a> Andres Bernaldez, <em>Memorias del reinado de los reyes catolicos<\/em>, cit\u00e9 in jean-Pierre Sanchez, <em>Mythes et l\u00e9gendes de la conqu\u00eate de l\u2019Am\u00e9rique<\/em>, 1996.<br \/><a id=\"_ftn2\" href=\"#_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a> Hernando Colon, <em>Historia del almirante Don Cristobal de Colon<\/em>, cit\u00e9 in J.P. Sanchez, ibid.<br \/><a id=\"_ftn3\" href=\"#_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a> <em>Hakluyt\u2019s Voyages, extra series<\/em>, Glasgow ,1904, vol.VII, p.418.<br \/><a id=\"_ftn4\" href=\"#_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a> \u00abPremi\u00e8rement, il est douteux que ces barbares connaissent la corne de licorne. Et si c\u2019en est une, il est impossible que la mer l\u2019ait amen\u00e9 de si loin, puisqu\u2019elle ne flotte pas\u2026 Il y a un animal appel\u00e9 Asinus indicus (dont la corne ressemble \u00e0 celle-ci) qui a comme la licorne une corne unique sur le front, et ces animaux sont tr\u00e8s nombreux dans les pays du Nord, Laponie, Norv\u00e8ge, Finlande. Et comme l\u2019a dit Albert [Le Grand] il y a un poisson qui porte une corne au front comme la licorne, et par cons\u00e9quent on ne sait trop d\u2019ou vient ceci, et si c\u2019est oui ou non une corne de licorne.\u00bb&nbsp;<br \/>Richard Hakluyt, <em>Voyages in Search of the North-West Passage<\/em>, Londres, 1886, p.55.<br \/><a id=\"_ftn5\" href=\"#_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a> G\u00e9rard Mercator, <em>Atlas ou repr\u00e9sentation du monde universel et des parties d\u2019icelui, <\/em>Amsterdam, 1633, vol.1, p.73<br \/><a id=\"_ftn6\" href=\"#_ftnref6\">[6]<\/a>&nbsp; Claude Fran\u00e7ois M\u00e9nestrier, <em>Trait\u00e9 des tournois, joustes, carrousels et autres spectacles publics<\/em>, Lyon, 1669.<br \/><a id=\"_ftn7\" href=\"#_ftnref7\">[7]<\/a> Julien Lacroix, <em>Quand les fran\u00e7ais jouaient aux sauvages, le carrousel de 1662<\/em>, in <em>Journal of Canadian Art History<\/em>, vol 3, 1\/2, 1976.<br \/><a id=\"_ftn8\" href=\"#_ftnref8\">[8]<\/a> Alain Manesson-Mallet, <em>Description de l\u2019univers contenant les diff\u00e9rents syst\u00e8mes du monde, <\/em>1683.<br \/><a id=\"_ftn9\" href=\"#_ftnref9\">[9]<\/a> Albertus Montanus, De nieuwe en onbekende weereld of beschrijving van America en\u2019t Zuid-land, &nbsp;Amsterdam, 1667.<br \/>Olfert Dapper, Die&nbsp; unbekannte neue Welt, Amsterdam, 1673.<br \/><a id=\"_ftn10\" href=\"#_ftnref10\">[10]<\/a> Olfert Dapper, Die unbekannte neue Welt, Amsterdam ,1673, pp.145-146.<br \/><a id=\"_ftn11\" href=\"#_ftnref11\">[11]<\/a> Ibid. p.241<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Voici quelques t\u00e9moignages et images de la pr\u00e9sence de licorne en Am\u00e9rique qui n&#8217;ont pas trouv\u00e9 place dans mon livre. Il y en a d&#8217;autres&#8230;. Dans ma th\u00e8se, j&#8217;\u00e9tais pass\u00e9 un peu \u00e0 c\u00f4t\u00e9 des licornes d&#8217;Am\u00e9rique, traitant essentiellement de &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/2023\/01\/15\/%f0%9f%93%96-licornes-damerique\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":8032,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8050","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-demons-et-merveilles-du-monde"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/7-America_from_The_Four_Continents_MET_DP279122.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8050","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8050"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8050\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8067,"href":"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8050\/revisions\/8067"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8032"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8050"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8050"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8050"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}