{"id":174,"date":"2021-08-22T12:15:00","date_gmt":"2021-08-22T12:15:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/?p=174"},"modified":"2023-05-04T18:13:25","modified_gmt":"2023-05-04T18:13:25","slug":"la-licorne-en-mythologie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/2021\/08\/22\/la-licorne-en-mythologie\/","title":{"rendered":"\u2795 La licorne en mythologie"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-text-color\" style=\"color:#247e38\"><strong>On ne croise pas plus de licornes dans les sagas nordiques que dans les mythologies grecques et romaines, mais on pouvait s\u2019arranger. \u00c0 la Renaissance, on reconstruit l&#8217;Antiquit\u00e9 autant qu&#8217;on la red\u00e9couvre.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow aligncenter\" data-effect=\"slide\"><div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_container swiper-container\"><ul class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_swiper-wrapper swiper-wrapper\"><li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1717\" height=\"1679\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-2410\" data-id=\"2410\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/BL-Add-ms-25884-fol-86r-Lhistoire-ancienne.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/BL-Add-ms-25884-fol-86r-Lhistoire-ancienne.jpg 1717w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/BL-Add-ms-25884-fol-86r-Lhistoire-ancienne-300x293.jpg 300w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/BL-Add-ms-25884-fol-86r-Lhistoire-ancienne-768x751.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/BL-Add-ms-25884-fol-86r-Lhistoire-ancienne-1536x1502.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/BL-Add-ms-25884-fol-86r-Lhistoire-ancienne-307x300.jpg 307w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1717px) 100vw, 1717px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption\">Abandonnant \u0152dipe pendu par les pieds, La\u00efos va tranquillement chasser la licorne, parce qu\u2019il faut bien s\u2019occuper. <br \/><i>\nL\u2019histoire ancienne jusqu\u2019\u00e0 C\u00e9sar,<\/i> XIVe si\u00e8cle.<br \/>\nBritish Library, add ms 25884, fol 86r\n<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1227\" height=\"1136\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-2409\" data-id=\"2409\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/BL-ms-Stowe-54-fol-2r-Histoire-ancienne.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/BL-ms-Stowe-54-fol-2r-Histoire-ancienne.jpg 1227w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/BL-ms-Stowe-54-fol-2r-Histoire-ancienne-300x278.jpg 300w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/BL-ms-Stowe-54-fol-2r-Histoire-ancienne-768x711.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/BL-ms-Stowe-54-fol-2r-Histoire-ancienne-324x300.jpg 324w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1227px) 100vw, 1227px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption\">L&#8217;Histoire ancienne jusqu&#8217;\u00e0 C\u00e9sar, XIVe si\u00e8cle.<br \/>\nBritish Library, add ms Stowe 654, fol 2r.\n<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><a class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-prev swiper-button-prev swiper-button-white\" role=\"button\"><\/a><a class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-next swiper-button-next swiper-button-white\" role=\"button\"><\/a><a aria-label=\"Pause Slideshow\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-pause\" role=\"button\"><\/a><div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination swiper-pagination swiper-pagination-white\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>l n\u2019y a pas de licorne dans nos mythologies. Contrairement aux centaures, sir\u00e8nes, griffons et autres dragons, l&#8217;albe b\u00eate est absente aussi bien des longs feuilletons grecs et romains que des l\u00e9gendes nordiques.&nbsp; Pourtant, lorsque, \u00e0 la Renaissance, l\u2019antiquit\u00e9 red\u00e9couverte et fantasm\u00e9e devient \u00e0 la mode dans les milieux cultiv\u00e9s de France et d\u2019Italie, la blanche cavale parvient \u00e0 se glisser ici et l\u00e0, non pas dans des r\u00e9cits mythologiques d\u00e9j\u00e0 pour l\u2019essentiel clos et verrouill\u00e9s, mais dans les images qui les accompagnent. Dieux et h\u00e9ros, qui ne la connaissaient pas auparavant, ont peut-\u00eatre \u00e9t\u00e9 surpris de la voir pointer le bout de sa corne.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/Dublin-ms-32-513-Francis-de-Retz-Defensorium-inviolatae-virgionitatis-mariae-circa-1490-Circe-cahnge-les-compagnons-dUlysse-en-animaux-1676x2048.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8186\" width=\"533\" height=\"654\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Circ\u00e9 change les compagnons d&#8217;Ulysse en animaux. <br \/>Francis de Retzn <i>Defensorium inviolatae virginitatis Mariae<\/i>, circa 1490. Biblioth\u00e8que Nationale d&#8217;Irlande, Dubin, ms 32 513.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Faute de r\u00e9f\u00e9rences antiques suffisantes, peintres et graveurs ont souvent, pour repr\u00e9senter des sc\u00e8nes mythologiques, transpos\u00e9 des mod\u00e8les \u00e9prouv\u00e9s venus du r\u00e9pertoire chr\u00e9tien, et c\u2019est par l\u00e0 que la licorne est arriv\u00e9e au pied de l\u2019Olympe et aux portes d\u2019Had\u00e8s. Les animaux sauvages, apr\u00e8s avoir pris note des noms que leur attribuait Adam, puis \u00e9cout\u00e9 quelques saints leur pr\u00eacher la bonne parole, se sont regroup\u00e9s autour d\u2019Orph\u00e9e pour profiter du chant de sa lyre. Sur un manuscrit de la fin du XIVe si\u00e8cle, Circ\u00e9 change les compagnons d&#8217;Ulysse non pas en pourceaux mais en chien, chat, lapin \u00e2ne et licorne. Sur un dessin du XVIe si\u00e8cle, au mus\u00e9e du Louvre, les deux lions qui gardent traditionnellement Cyb\u00e8le, d\u00e9esse grecque associ\u00e9e \u00e0 la nature sauvage, sont accompagn\u00e9s d\u2019un cerf et d\u2019une licorne. <\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Promethee.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2751\" width=\"-72\" height=\"-99\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Promethee.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Promethee-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Promethee-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Promethee-1024x1536.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1365px) 100vw, 1365px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><i>La Nature et Prom\u00e9th\u00e9e<\/i>, circa 1571.<br \/>\nCabinet de Fran\u00e7ois Ier Medici, Palazzo Vecchio, Florence.\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>De la m\u00eame mani\u00e8re, une licorne s\u2019est retrouv\u00e9e sur une fresque figurant la Nature et Prom\u00e9th\u00e9e, au plafond du cabinet de travail &#8211; si l\u2019on ose dire, car c\u2019est un peu grand pour un cabinet &#8211; de Fran\u00e7ois Ier de M\u00e9dicis, au Palazzo Vecchio, \u00e0 Florence. La sc\u00e8ne s\u2019inspire des repr\u00e9sentations chr\u00e9tiennes de la cr\u00e9ation du monde et des animaux.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1801\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Lyon-ms-742-B-fol-79v.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2411\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Lyon-ms-742-B-fol-79v.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Lyon-ms-742-B-fol-79v-300x264.jpg 300w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Lyon-ms-742-B-fol-79v-768x675.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Lyon-ms-742-B-fol-79v-1536x1351.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Lyon-ms-742-B-fol-79v-341x300.jpg 341w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Sur le manuscrit des M\u00e9tamorphoses dont nous avons d\u00e9j\u00e0 vu deux miniatures au chapitre pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent, une licorne \u00e0 pois est l\u2019une des b\u00eates monstrueuses vaincues par le h\u00e9ros Bell\u00e9rophon, le tueur de la chim\u00e8re.<br \/><span style=\"color:#9e9e9e\" class=\"tadv-color\">Biblioth\u00e8que municipale de Lyon, ms 742 B, 79v <\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Lorsque Pluton enl\u00e8ve Proserpine pour l\u2019emmener aux enfers, il est parfois \u00e0 pied, mais plus souvent \u2013 c\u2019est quand m\u00eame un dieu &#8211; en char ou \u00e0 cheval. Albrecht D\u00fcrer l\u2019a repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 emportant sa proie, solidement tenue sous le bras, sur un cheval unicorne et trapu. Sa corne recourb\u00e9e vers l\u2019avant donne \u00e0 l\u2019unicorne un aspect chthonien qui convient \u00e0 la monture du dieu des enfers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow aligncenter\" data-effect=\"slide\"><div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_container swiper-container\"><ul class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_swiper-wrapper swiper-wrapper\"><li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1423\" height=\"2048\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-2412\" data-id=\"2412\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Durer-Proserpine-et-Pluton-1423x2048.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Durer-Proserpine-et-Pluton-1423x2048.jpg 1423w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Durer-Proserpine-et-Pluton-208x300.jpg 208w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Durer-Proserpine-et-Pluton-768x1106.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Durer-Proserpine-et-Pluton-1067x1536.jpg 1067w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Durer-Proserpine-et-Pluton-scaled.jpg 1778w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1423px) 100vw, 1423px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption\"><i>Le rapt de Proserpine par Pluton,<\/i> \nGravure d\u2019Albrecht D\u00fcrer, 1516.\n<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1575\" height=\"2048\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-179\" data-id=\"179\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Mythologie-02-Achille-Bocchi-Symbolicarum-quaestionum-de-universo-genere-1555-1575x2048.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Mythologie-02-Achille-Bocchi-Symbolicarum-quaestionum-de-universo-genere-1555-1575x2048.jpg 1575w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Mythologie-02-Achille-Bocchi-Symbolicarum-quaestionum-de-universo-genere-1555-231x300.jpg 231w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Mythologie-02-Achille-Bocchi-Symbolicarum-quaestionum-de-universo-genere-1555-768x998.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Mythologie-02-Achille-Bocchi-Symbolicarum-quaestionum-de-universo-genere-1555-1181x1536.jpg 1181w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Mythologie-02-Achille-Bocchi-Symbolicarum-quaestionum-de-universo-genere-1555.jpg 1846w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1575px) 100vw, 1575px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption\">La tortue, invit\u00e9e au mariage de Zeus, a pr\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9 rester tranquillement chez elle. Le dieu la condamne alors \u00e0 toujours devoir transporter sa maison avec elle. <br \/><i>Une bonne maison est une maison pleine d\u2019amis.<\/i><br \/>\nAchille Bacchi, <i>Symbolicarum quaestionum de universo genere, <\/i>1555.\n<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><a class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-prev swiper-button-prev swiper-button-white\" role=\"button\"><\/a><a class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-next swiper-button-next swiper-button-white\" role=\"button\"><\/a><a aria-label=\"Pause Slideshow\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-pause\" role=\"button\"><\/a><div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination swiper-pagination swiper-pagination-white\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Le char de Neptune, dieu des eaux vives et des oc\u00e9ans, est traditionnellement tir\u00e9 par des hippocampes, qui avant d\u2019\u00eatre de petites bestioles d\u2019aquarium \u00e9taient de solides cr\u00e9atures de la mythologie grecque, t\u00eate et pattes ant\u00e9rieures de cheval, queue de poisson ou de monstre marin. Rien ne s\u2019opposait bien s\u00fbr \u00e0 ce que certains de ces hippocampes soient aussi, \u00e0 l\u2019occasion, des licornes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow aligncenter\" data-effect=\"slide\"><div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_container swiper-container\"><ul class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_swiper-wrapper swiper-wrapper\"><li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1046\" height=\"1058\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-2413\" data-id=\"2413\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Guillaume-de-la-Perriere-Le-theatre-des-bons-engins-1539-fol-99v.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Guillaume-de-la-Perriere-Le-theatre-des-bons-engins-1539-fol-99v.jpg 1046w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Guillaume-de-la-Perriere-Le-theatre-des-bons-engins-1539-fol-99v-297x300.jpg 297w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Guillaume-de-la-Perriere-Le-theatre-des-bons-engins-1539-fol-99v-768x777.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1046px) 100vw, 1046px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption\">Hercule combat l\u2019hydre de Lerne, qui est aussi un peu une, ou plusieurs, licornes.<br \/>\nGuillaume de la Perri\u00e8re, <i>Le th\u00e9\u00e2tre des bons engins,<\/i> 1535. <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1548\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-2416\" data-id=\"2416\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Bakhuizen_Ludolf-Le-Char-de-Neptune-2048x1548.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Bakhuizen_Ludolf-Le-Char-de-Neptune-2048x1548.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Bakhuizen_Ludolf-Le-Char-de-Neptune-300x227.jpg 300w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Bakhuizen_Ludolf-Le-Char-de-Neptune-768x581.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Bakhuizen_Ludolf-Le-Char-de-Neptune-1536x1161.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Bakhuizen_Ludolf-Le-Char-de-Neptune-397x300.jpg 397w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption\">Le char de Neptune tir\u00e9 par deux hippocampes, dont une licorne.\nGravure de Ludolf Bakhuizen, 1701.\n<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><a class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-prev swiper-button-prev swiper-button-white\" role=\"button\"><\/a><a class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-next swiper-button-next swiper-button-white\" role=\"button\"><\/a><a aria-label=\"Pause Slideshow\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-pause\" role=\"button\"><\/a><div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination swiper-pagination swiper-pagination-white\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Pourquoi alors, m\u00eame en cherchant bien, ne trouve qu\u2019un ou deux p\u00e9gases unicornes, purement h\u00e9raldiques, dans tout l\u2019art de la Renaissance&nbsp;? Le cheval ail\u00e9 \u00e9tait trop unique, trop bien connu, et son image antique et stabilis\u00e9e ne pouvait plus gu\u00e8re \u00e9voluer. Il a fallu attendre pour que les licornes s\u2019envolent et les p\u00e9gases s\u2019arment d\u2019une corne l\u2019\u00e9poque contemporaine, et un certain oubli des mythologies classiques.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"873\" height=\"642\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Erlangen-UB-ms-M-2361-fol-36r-Christine-de-Pizan.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2414\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Erlangen-UB-ms-M-2361-fol-36r-Christine-de-Pizan.jpg 873w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Erlangen-UB-ms-M-2361-fol-36r-Christine-de-Pizan-300x221.jpg 300w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Erlangen-UB-ms-M-2361-fol-36r-Christine-de-Pizan-768x565.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Erlangen-UB-ms-M-2361-fol-36r-Christine-de-Pizan-408x300.jpg 408w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 873px) 100vw, 873px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"> Une licorne symbole de chastet\u00e9 et de fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 illustre l<em>\u2019\u00c9pistre Othea la d\u00e9esse, que elle envoya \u00e0 Hector de Troye, quand il estoit en l\u2019aage de quinze ans<\/em>, de Christine de Pizan.<br \/><span style=\"color:#9e9e9e\" class=\"tadv-color\">Erlangen Universit\u00e4tsbibliothek, ms M 2361, fol 36r <\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>On imaginerait volontiers les blanches et fi\u00e8res licornes aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s de la hautaine, sauvage et vierge Diane chasseresse. Trop exotique, la licorne de la Renaissance n\u2019\u00e9tait pas encore un animal sylvestre, et Diane est donc accompagn\u00e9e de biches, parfois de cerfs blancs, mais tr\u00e8s rarement de licornes. Des unicornes, au nombre de six ou huit, tirent n\u00e9anmoins, au XVIe si\u00e8cle,&nbsp;le char de la d\u00e9esse dans un texte herm\u00e9tique, <em>Le songe de Poliphile, <\/em>de Francesco Colonna, mais l\u2019id\u00e9e vient ici de P\u00e9trarque et non des mythes grecs. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow aligncenter\" data-effect=\"slide\"><div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_container swiper-container\"><ul class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_swiper-wrapper swiper-wrapper\"><li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"811\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-2415\" data-id=\"2415\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Hypnerotomachia-ed-1499-2048x811.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Hypnerotomachia-ed-1499-2048x811.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Hypnerotomachia-ed-1499-300x119.jpg 300w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Hypnerotomachia-ed-1499-768x304.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Hypnerotomachia-ed-1499-1536x608.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Hypnerotomachia-ed-1499-500x198.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption\">Francesco Colonna, <i>Hypnerotomachia ou Le Songe de Poliphile,<\/i> 1499.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1615\" height=\"608\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-2593\" data-id=\"2593\" src=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Arsenal-5068-fol-35r-Histoire-des-deux-destructions-de-Troie-circa-1480-.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Arsenal-5068-fol-35r-Histoire-des-deux-destructions-de-Troie-circa-1480-.jpg 1615w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Arsenal-5068-fol-35r-Histoire-des-deux-destructions-de-Troie-circa-1480--300x113.jpg 300w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Arsenal-5068-fol-35r-Histoire-des-deux-destructions-de-Troie-circa-1480--768x289.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Arsenal-5068-fol-35r-Histoire-des-deux-destructions-de-Troie-circa-1480--1536x578.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Arsenal-5068-fol-35r-Histoire-des-deux-destructions-de-Troie-circa-1480--500x188.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1615px) 100vw, 1615px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_caption gallery-caption\">Le char de Diane tir\u00e9, plus classiquement, par des cerfs blancs.<br \/>\nBiblioth\u00e8que de l&#8217;Arsenal, ms 5068, fol 35r<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><a class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-prev swiper-button-prev swiper-button-white\" role=\"button\"><\/a><a class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-next swiper-button-next swiper-button-white\" role=\"button\"><\/a><a aria-label=\"Pause Slideshow\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-pause\" role=\"button\"><\/a><div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination swiper-pagination swiper-pagination-white\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Une peinture du Titien, qui se trouve \u00e0 Londres \u00e0 la National gallery, repr\u00e9sente le moment ou Diane apprend que sa nymphe pr\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9e, Callisto, n\u2019est plus chaste puisqu\u2019elle est enceinte de Jupiter&nbsp;; les licornes brod\u00e9es sur la toile de la tente de Diane sont un symbole de chastet\u00e9 emprunt\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019iconographie mariale.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Mythologie-10-TitianDianaCallisto-1559-2048x1890.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-187\" width=\"583\" height=\"540\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Mythologie-10-TitianDianaCallisto-1559-300x277.jpg 300w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Mythologie-10-TitianDianaCallisto-1559-325x300.jpg 325w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 583px) 100vw, 583px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Le Titien, Diane et Callisto, 1559 <br \/><span style=\"color:#9e9e9e\" class=\"tadv-color\">Londres, National Gallery <\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Une myst\u00e9rieuse licorne pointe corne et museau sur la derni\u00e8re fresque d\u2019une s\u00e9rie de Bernardino Luini contant l\u2019histoire de Procris et C\u00e9phale, dont vous n\u2019avez certainement jamais entendu parler. En r\u00e9sumant, il est jaloux, puis elle est jalouse, et \u00e7a finit par un accident de chasse. Diane, qui craint que les accidents de chasse ne nuisent \u00e0 sa r\u00e9putation de d\u00e9esse comp\u00e9tente et efficace, ressuscite la belle Procris et tout est bien qui finit bien. La licorne qui appara\u00eet sur le dernier panneau symbolise la r\u00e9surrection, ce qui renvoie autant au Christ qu\u2019\u00e0 Procris. D\u2019autres versions de l\u2019histoire se terminent moins bien, mais la morale est toujours la m\u00eame &#8211; la jalousie, c\u2019est un peu idiot et, \u00e0 moins que vous n\u2019ayez le 06 de Diane, \u00e7a finit mal. Dans une \u00e9dition imprim\u00e9e de 1539 des <em>M\u00e9tamorphoses<\/em> d\u2019Ovide, une gravure montre C\u00e9phale et son chien Laelaps poursuivant une licorne bondissante dont on ne sait pas tr\u00e8s bien si elle est une simple b\u00eate sauvage ou la belle Procris prise pour une b\u00eate sauvage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Mythologie-08-Procris-and-the-unicorn-928x2048.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-185\" width=\"264\" height=\"587\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bernardino Luini, Procris et C\u00e9phale, circa 1520. <br \/>National Gallery of Art, Washington <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Ovide-Denis-Jadot-1539.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-190\" width=\"296\" height=\"454\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Les m\u00e9tamorphoses d&#8217;Ovide, \u00e9dit\u00e9es par Denis Jadot, 1539<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Et nous n&#8217;\u00e9tions qu&#8217;\u00e0 la Renaissance&#8230;. Encore aujourd&#8217;hui, m\u00eame si nous sommes un peu mieux renseign\u00e9s sur la vie quotidienne sur l&#8217;Olympe, il n&#8217;est pas rare de voir des licornes se glisser dans des \u00e9pisodes mythologiques o\u00f9 elles n&#8217;ont que faire.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1536\" src=\"http:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Mythologie-09-Trafford_Centre_Sculpture_G_Dec_2016-2048x1536.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-186\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Mythologie-09-Trafford_Centre_Sculpture_G_Dec_2016-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Mythologie-09-Trafford_Centre_Sculpture_G_Dec_2016-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Mythologie-09-Trafford_Centre_Sculpture_G_Dec_2016-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Mythologie-09-Trafford_Centre_Sculpture_G_Dec_2016-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Mythologie-09-Trafford_Centre_Sculpture_G_Dec_2016-400x300.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Le sommet du kitsch et du n\u2019importe quoi au-dessus de l\u2019entr\u00e9e d\u2019un centre commercial de Manchester. Un griffon, un centurion romain qui se prend pour Zeus, et une licorne dont nul ne sait ce qu\u2019elle fait l\u00e0. <br \/><span style=\"color:#9e9e9e\" class=\"tadv-color\">Photo Chemical Engineer, Wikimedia Commons <\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Mythologie-11-Beasts-of-Olympus.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-188\" width=\"242\" height=\"377\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u00c0 en croire la litt\u00e9rature enfantine d\u2019aujourd\u2019hui, la licorne est finalement devenue une cr\u00e9ature mythologique.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"875\" height=\"1200\" src=\"http:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Mythologie-12-Avalon-Hill-Titan-1980.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-189\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Mythologie-12-Avalon-Hill-Titan-1980.jpg 875w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Mythologie-12-Avalon-Hill-Titan-1980-219x300.jpg 219w, https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Mythologie-12-Avalon-Hill-Titan-1980-768x1053.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 875px) 100vw, 875px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Un jeu de strat\u00e9gie des ann\u00e9es quatre-vingt. J\u2019ai peut-\u00eatre encore une boite chez moi ; en tout cas, j\u2019en ai eu une.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>On ne croise pas plus de licornes dans les sagas nordiques que dans les mythologies grecques et romaines, mais on pouvait s\u2019arranger. \u00c0 la Renaissance, on reconstruit l&#8217;Antiquit\u00e9 autant qu&#8217;on la red\u00e9couvre. l n\u2019y a pas de licorne dans nos &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/2021\/08\/22\/la-licorne-en-mythologie\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2412,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-174","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-images-et-symboles"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/05\/Durer-Proserpine-et-Pluton-scaled.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/174","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=174"}],"version-history":[{"count":22,"href":"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/174\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8222,"href":"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/174\/revisions\/8222"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2412"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=174"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=174"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faidutti.com\/blog\/licornes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=174"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}